1 Samuel 19:8

Authorized King James Version

And there was war again: and David went out, and fought with the Philistines, and slew them with a great slaughter; and they fled from him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתּ֥וֹסֶף
again
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
#2
הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה
And there was war
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#3
לִֽהְי֑וֹת
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#4
וַיֵּצֵ֨א
went out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#5
דָוִ֜ד
and David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#6
וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם
and fought
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
#7
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים
with the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#8
וַיַּ֤ךְ
and slew
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#9
בָּהֶם֙
H0
#10
מַכָּ֣ה
slaughter
a blow (in 2 chronicles 2:10, of the flail); by implication, a wound; figuratively, carnage, also pestilence
#11
גְדוֹלָ֔ה
them with a great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#12
וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ
and they fled
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
#13
מִפָּנָֽיו׃
from
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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