1 Samuel 19:8

Authorized King James Version

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And there was war again: and David went out, and fought with the Philistines, and slew them with a great slaughter; and they fled from him.

Original Language Analysis

וַתּ֥וֹסֶף again H3254
וַתּ֥וֹסֶף again
Strong's: H3254
Word #: 1 of 13
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה And there was war H4421
הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה And there was war
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 2 of 13
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
לִֽהְי֑וֹת H1961
לִֽהְי֑וֹת
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 3 of 13
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
וַיֵּצֵ֨א went out H3318
וַיֵּצֵ֨א went out
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 4 of 13
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
דָוִ֜ד and David H1732
דָוִ֜ד and David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 5 of 13
david, the youngest son of jesse
וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם and fought H3898
וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם and fought
Strong's: H3898
Word #: 6 of 13
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים with the Philistines H6430
בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים with the Philistines
Strong's: H6430
Word #: 7 of 13
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
וַיַּ֤ךְ and slew H5221
וַיַּ֤ךְ and slew
Strong's: H5221
Word #: 8 of 13
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
בָּהֶם֙ H0
בָּהֶם֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 13
מַכָּ֣ה slaughter H4347
מַכָּ֣ה slaughter
Strong's: H4347
Word #: 10 of 13
a blow (in 2 chronicles 2:10, of the flail); by implication, a wound; figuratively, carnage, also pestilence
גְדוֹלָ֔ה them with a great H1419
גְדוֹלָ֔ה them with a great
Strong's: H1419
Word #: 11 of 13
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ and they fled H5127
וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ and they fled
Strong's: H5127
Word #: 12 of 13
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
מִפָּנָֽיו׃ from H6440
מִפָּנָֽיו׃ from
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 13 of 13
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis & Commentary

And there was war again: and David went out, and fought with the Philistines, and slew them with a great slaughter; and they fled from him.

The cycle continues: renewed Philistine conflict provided occasion for David's military success, which triggered Saul's jealousy. The Hebrew makkah gedolah ('great slaughter') emphasizes decisive victory. 'They fled from him' indicates total rout. David continued faithful service despite past persecution, demonstrating character that served Israel's good regardless of personal danger. Ironically, the very victories that protected Israel from enemies made David a target of Israel's king. Faithful service in hostile environments often means blessing those who would harm us.

Historical Context

Philistine conflicts were recurrent throughout Saul's reign, providing ongoing military challenges. David's consistent success in these engagements built his reputation while depleting Philistine strength. The great slaughter indicated significant strategic victory.

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